性别身份术语 Terms of Gender Identity

Why do we even need distinctive terms to discuss intersecting identities with nebulous boundaries? The answer to this question is another question: How can we hope to communicate about sexuality and gender without a common vocabulary? There is such a vocabulary, but, like humanity, it is necessarily fluid. But here are terms and definitions that many people agree on:
为什么我们甚至需要特定术语讨论界限模糊的交叉身份？该问题的答案是另一个问题：没有通用词汇我们如何有望交流性取向和性别？有这么一组词汇，但这组词汇跟humanity（人性）一样必定是不固定的。但是有许多人们取得一致意见的术语和定义：

Bisexual
A term for a person sexually attracted to people of both the same sex and the opposite sex.
双性恋
该术语指的是被同性和异性性吸引的人。

Dyke
A term for a woman sexually attracted to other women; some people consider it offensive, although many lesbians have reclaimed the word and self-identify as dykes.
百合
该术语指的是被其他女性性吸引的女性；一些人认为该术语无礼，虽然许多女同性恋接受该词并自我认定是百合。

Fag
A term for a man sexually attracted to other men; some people may consider it offensive, although many gays have reclaimed the word and self-identify as fags.
玻璃
该术语指的是被其他男性性吸引的男性；一些人可能认为该术语无礼，虽然许多男同性恋接受该词并自我认定是玻璃。

GLBT
An inclusive initialism for those self-identifying as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transsexual. A more inclusive — and as yet uncommon — variant is GLBTQ2IA; the additional elements refer to "queer, questioning, intersex allies."
男同性恋、女同性恋、双性恋、变性人
该包容性首字母缩略词指的是自我认定是男同性恋、女同性恋、双性恋或变性人的人。一个更包容性的变体为GLBTQ2IA——至今仍不常见；添加的因素Q2IA指代“酷儿、性别存疑者、阴阳人。”

Gay
An inclusive term for those attracted to people of the same sex or not exclusively attracted to people of the opposite sex, although it is often used in the phrase "gays and lesbians," which places men and women in separate categories, and can thus refer either to both genders or men only.
男同性恋
该包容性术语指的是被同性吸引或不只是被异性吸引的人，但是该术语经常用于把男性和女性放在不同类别中的短语“gays and lesbians”（男同性恋和女同性恋）中，因此可以指代男女双性或仅指代男性。

Genderqueer
A term for those who refuse to be confined to a single gender role.
性别酷儿
该术语指的是拒绝被限制为单独一种性别角色的人。

Lesbian
A term for a woman sexually attracted to other women.
女同性恋
该术语指的是被其他女性性吸引的女性。

Queer
An inclusive term for those attracted to people of the same sex or not exclusively attracted to people of the opposite sex; some people may consider it offensive, although many who that fall under that definition have reclaimed the word and self-identify as queers.
酷儿
该包容性术语指的是被同性吸引或不只是被异性吸引的人；一些人可能认为该术语无礼，虽然许多符合该词定义的人接受该词并自我认定是酷儿。

Same-gender loving
A self-evident term used by those dissatisfied by traditional terminology.
同性之爱
该不证自明的术语被不满意传统措辞的人使用。

Transgender
A term for a person who presents as having a gender other than their original one. This usage is not to be confused with transsexual, which refers to someone in or beyond the process of gender reassignment involving physiological changes, or transvestite, a word for someone who — whether occasionally or frequently, whether publicly or privately, and for any one of various reasons — wears clothing associated with the opposite gender. (Transgender inclusively encompasses these and other terms.)
跨性别
该术语指的是表现得不像自己原始性别的人。这种用法不与transsexual（变性人）或transvestite（异装癖者）混淆，transsexual指代处于或经过涉及生理变化的性别重置的人，transvestite会偶尔或频繁——无论公共或私下——出于某种原因穿异性服装。（Transgender包容性地涵盖了这些和其他术语。）

In general usage, it is usually safe to refer to "gays and lesbians" to refer to the entirety of people whose sexuality is not strictly heterosexual. GLBT is a more inclusive term, though it is often used fallaciously in the phrase "the GLBT community," as if such a cohesive entity exists.
一般使用中，通常用“gays and lesbians”（男同性恋和女同性恋）指代性取向不是严格异性恋的人群实体。GLBT是一个更包容性的术语，虽然它经常谬误地用在短语“the GLBT community”（ GLBT团体）中，仿佛存在这样一个有凝聚力的实体。

The connotation of this phrase seems to be that there is such a community, but only in the sense of people united in solidarity for civil rights for anyone falling under the GLBT umbrella. However, the phrase would seem to exclude heterosexual people sympathetic to the civil rights concerns of GLBT people. It’s perhaps best to restrict use of the initialism to usage such as "GLBT issues."
该短语的含义仿佛是存在这样一个团体，但只限于人们为了属于GLBT范畴的任何人的民权而团结在一起的意思。然而，该术语仿佛排除了同情GLBT人群民权问题的异性恋者。可能最好限制该首字母缩略词用于“GLBT事宜”。

(来源于：dailywritingtips)

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